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The California Voting Rights Act of 2001 (CVRA) expands on the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965, making it easier for minority groups in California to prove that their votes are being diluted in "at-large" elections.〔 In 1986, the U.S. Supreme Court established conditions that must be met to prove that minorities are being disenfranchised; the CVRA eliminated one of these requirements. Unlike the federal Voting Rights Act, the CVRA does not require plaintiffs to demonstrate a specific geographic district where a minority is concentrated enough to establish a majority. This makes it easier for minority voters to sue local governments and eliminate at-large elections.〔() Associated Press.(15 November 2009). A glance at the California Voting Rights Act. Retrieved from Associated Press News on 16 November 2010.〕 The Act was signed into law on 9 July 2002.〔(FairVote ). California voting rights act of 2001. Retrieved 31 October 2010.〕 In 2007, the California Supreme Court ruled the act constitutional in ''Sanchez v. City of Modesto''.〔() Common Cause. Big win for California Voting Rights Act. Retrieved 31 October 2010.〕 The city claimed that the act was unconstitutional because it inherently favored people of color; the court concluded that the act was not racist in nature and returned the case to the trial court.〔 Critics of the act argue that it inappropriately makes race a predominant factor in elections and that it does not make sense to eliminate the requirement to establish a geographic district where there is a minority concentration.〔 Advocates argue that at-large elections allow bloc voting that effectively keeps minorities out of office.〔Reyes, S. (13 June 2004). Preserve minority rights. ''The Fresno Bee''.〕 ==Establishment of the Act== The bill was introduced to the California State Senate by Democratic Senator Richard Polanco.〔Latino voters sue kings county board of education over voting right; school districts at-large elections dilute minority vote. PR NewsWire. 15 July 2004. Retrieved November 3rd from LexisNexis.〕 The bill was endorsed by both the American Civil Liberties Union and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = California State Senate )〕 The bill passed on the Senate floor with a vote of 22 to 13, and passed on the assembly floor with a vote of 47 to 25.〔 The bill was signed into law by Governor Gray Davis on July 9, 2002.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「California Voting Rights Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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